پیشبینی اختلالات خوردن بر اساس اضطراب اجتماعی اندام و خودشفقتورزی در دانشآموزان دختر دوره متوسطه دوم
کلمات کلیدی:
اختلالات خوردن, اضطراب اجتماعی اندام, خودشفقتورزیچکیده
هدف: هدف این پژوهش بررسی قدرت پیشبینیکنندگی اضطراب اجتماعی اندام و خودشفقتورزی در تبیین اختلالات خوردن در دانشآموزان دختر دوره متوسطه دوم بود.
مواد و روش: این پژوهش از نوع توصیفی–همبستگی با رویکرد پیشبینانه بود. جامعه آماری شامل کلیه دانشآموزان دختر دوره متوسطه دوم مدارس دولتی منطقه ۵ شهر تهران در سال تحصیلی 1403–1402 (2023–2024) به تعداد 5700 نفر بود که از میان آنها 306 نفر با روش نمونهگیری در دسترس انتخاب شدند. ابزارهای پژوهش شامل پرسشنامه اختلالات خوردن (EAT-26)، مقیاس اضطراب اجتماعی اندام (SPAS)، و مقیاس خودشفقتورزی (SCS) بود. پایایی ابزارها با استفاده از ضریب آلفای کرونباخ به ترتیب 0.80، 0.84 و 0.91 به دست آمد. دادهها با استفاده از آزمون کولموگروف–اسمیرنوف، همبستگی اسپیرمن و تحلیل رگرسیون چندگانه گامبهگام تحلیل شدند.
یافتهها: نتایج نشان داد اضطراب اجتماعی اندام رابطه مثبت معناداری با ابعاد رژیم غذایی (r=0.38, p<0.01)، مهار دهانی (r=0.11, p<0.05) و پرخوری (r=0.38, p<0.01) داشت. همچنین خودشفقتورزی با اختلالات خوردن رابطه منفی معناداری نشان داد. نتایج تحلیل رگرسیون نشان داد اضطراب اجتماعی اندام و خودشفقتورزی در مجموع قادر به پیشبینی 17 درصد از واریانس رژیم غذایی (R²=0.17, p<0.01)، 9 درصد از واریانس مهار دهانی (R²=0.09, p<0.01)، و 19 درصد از واریانس پرخوری (R²=0.19, p<0.01) بودند. اضطراب اجتماعی اندام پیشبینیکننده قویتر رژیم غذایی و پرخوری بود، در حالی که خودشفقتورزی نقش پیشبینیکننده قویتری در مهار دهانی داشت.
نتیجهگیری: یافتهها نشان دادند اضطراب اجتماعی اندام یک عامل خطر مهم و خودشفقتورزی یک عامل محافظتی مهم در اختلالات خوردن محسوب میشوند. افزایش خودشفقتورزی و کاهش اضطراب اجتماعی اندام میتواند نقش مؤثری در پیشگیری و مداخلههای روانشناختی مرتبط با اختلالات خوردن در نوجوانان ایفا کند.
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حق نشر 2025 Maryam Heidarpour; Masoumeh Aminikhoo (Author)

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