The Effect of Critical Thinking Training Based on Acceptance of Thoughts on Self-Efficacy Beliefs and Knowledge System of Adolescents
Keywords:
Critical thinking, Self-efficacy, Knowledge system, AdolescentsAbstract
Objective: The present study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of critical thinking training based on acceptance of thoughts on adolescents' self-efficacy beliefs and knowledge system.
Methods and Materials: This quasi-experimental study employed a pre-test–post-test control group design. The statistical population consisted of high school students in Tehran during the 2023–2024 academic year. A total of 30 students meeting the inclusion criteria were purposefully selected and randomly assigned to experimental and control groups. The experimental group received critical thinking training over nine 90-minute sessions based on Paul and Elder’s protocol, while the control group received no intervention beyond standard education. Data were collected using the General Self-Efficacy Scale and the Knowledge Management Questionnaire. Analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) was used for data analysis.
Findings: ANCOVA results indicated a statistically significant difference between the experimental and control groups in post-test scores for both self-efficacy and knowledge system variables (p<0.001). Participants in the experimental group showed significant improvements in self-efficacy beliefs and knowledge system scores compared to the control group. Furthermore, decreased standard deviation in the experimental group indicated greater score homogeneity after intervention.
Conclusion: Critical thinking training based on acceptance of thoughts can serve as an effective strategy for improving self-efficacy and enhancing the knowledge system in adolescents, contributing meaningfully to cognitive development and informed decision-making.
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